Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve. It occurs when the intraocular pressure is higher than the nerve can handle.

Why is untreated glaucoma dangerous?

The damage is progressive and irreversible, starting from the peripheral vision and advancing towards the central vision if left untreated. Glaucoma is ‘the thief of sight’ because it is common (affecting 1 in 20) and often missed as it causes no visible symptoms in its early stages.

What are the main types of glaucoma?

The two main types of glaucoma are:

Open angle glaucoma
This is the most common form of glaucoma and develops slowly. It is usually painless and not noticeable.
Acute angle closure and secondary glaucoma
This form is less common but more urgent. It is caused by a blockage of the fluid drainage channel of the eye. It causes a rapid increase in the intraocular pressure and is accompanied by severe pain and vomiting.

What are the risk factors for glaucoma?

Risk factors for glaucoma include age, family history, elevated intraocular pressure, thin corneas, diabetes, previous eye trauma or steroid use.

If you have any of the above risk factors, it is crucial that you have regular eye checks. Glaucoma can be diagnosed long before you lose vision. With prompt treatment, glaucoma can be managed with very little interruption to your lifestyle.